Beyond the antiparasitics covered in the pharmacy article, most meaningful veterinary treatment in Spain runs through a vet (veterinario) rather than a pharmacy or pet shop, the same structure found in most of the EU and reinforced by Spain's 2023 overhaul of veterinary medicine rules. Prescription diets for conditions like kidney disease or allergies, stronger parasite treatments, and any ongoing medication all require a vet's prescription or direct dispensing from the clinic.
If you're travelling with a pet on a specific prescription diet, a Spanish vet clinic can often order or recommend an equivalent brand even if the exact one isn't stocked locally, though this takes a few days — worth arranging ahead of a longer stay rather than discovering a gap mid-trip.
For everyday restocking that doesn't need a prescription — food, treats, bedding, toys — the pet store chains and supermarket pet aisles covered in the Pet Shops article are the faster, simpler route, reserving an actual vet visit for anything that genuinely needs one.